Heat olive oil in a large Dutch oven or heavy-bottomed pot over medium-high heat. Season the beef chunks generously with salt and pepper. Sear them on all sides until browned, about 3-4 minutes per side. Remove from the pot and set aside.
In the same pot, add the diced onion, carrot, and celery. Cook until softened, about 5-7 minutes. Add the minced garlic and tomato paste, stirring for 1-2 minutes until fragrant.
Pour in the red wine, scraping up any browned bits from the bottom of the pot. Let it simmer for 2-3 minutes to reduce slightly.
Add the crushed tomatoes, beef broth, bay leaves, and fresh rosemary or thyme. Return the seared beef to the pot, ensuring it is submerged in the sauce.
Cover the pot and reduce the heat to low. Simmer gently for 2-3 hours, stirring occasionally, until the beef is fork-tender and the sauce has thickened. Shred the beef with two forks and mix it back into the sauce. Adjust seasoning with salt and pepper as needed.
Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Cook the pappardelle until al dente according to the package instructions. Reserve ½ cup of pasta water before draining.
Toss the cooked pappardelle with the beef ragu, adding a splash of reserved pasta water if needed to loosen the sauce. Serve hot, garnished with freshly grated Parmesan cheese.